What actually happens in your body to cause headache?
The skull bones and brain tissues do not have pain sensitive nerve fibers. But muscles of face, mouth, throat, neck, scalp and blood vessels on the surface and base of brain are sensitive to pain as they contain pain sensitive nerve fibers.The tip of these nerve fibers gets stimulated by various causes like stress, muscle tension, lack of sleep etc. The stimulated nerve tip sends message up the length of the nerve fiber to the related nerve cells of Brain. Brain locates the region of stimulated nerve tip based on these signals and we feel the pain or ache.
The headache may be mild, chronic or severe depending on the underlying cause and pain bearing capacity of the individual. Our body produces natural pain killing proteins called endorphins. One of the theories suggests that people with low endorphin levels suffer from severe headache and other chronic pains in comparison with people having high endorphin levels.
What triggers headache?
- Anger
- Muscle tension
- Missed meals
- Vigorous exercise
- Sexual excitement
- Infections like Common cold , Flu , Fever , Ear infection ,Tooth infection Sinus infection , Pneumonia , etc
- Coughing - too much coughing can cause a form of traction headache.
- Lifestyle causes Hangover ,Excessive alcohol , Stress , Fatigue , Tension , Tiredness , Excessive smoking
- Dyspepsia
- Eye conditions
- Systemic or metabolic conditions, Hypertension , Thyroid disease ,Anemia , Kidney failure , Uremia
- Brain or head conditions Meningitis ,Encephalitis ,Head injury ,Heatstroke, Sunstroke
- Before, during, or after menstruation
- Hunger
- Medications (Many drugs designed to relieve pain can actually cause headache when the drug is stopped after a period of prolonged use.)
- Alcohol and caffeine withdrawal
- Not getting enough sleep
- Reading for long periods of time or eyestrain
- Doing repetitive work
- Staying in one position for a long time, such as working at a computer.
The same causes of head ache have been explained in Ayurveda also. These causes vitiate all the three doshas (vata, pitta and kapha). The vitiated doshas cause tension, migraine, sinus and other head aches.Few common types of headache are Tension headache, Migraine headache and sinus headache.
Tension headache:
Tightening of muscles of face and neck cause tension headache. It is characterized by a dull ache in forehead or back of head and pain in neck and shoulders which travels to head. Causes like less sleep, stress, reading for a long time, and working in front of a computer for long hours can precipitate tension headache.Migraine Headache:
Migraine headache is caused when blood vessels of head get too much dilated or constricted. Females are more prone to this type of headache than males and migraine tends to run in families.A person suffering from migraine headache feels like vomiting becomes too sensitive to light, sound and other activities. Few people experience spots or flashes before headache.
Few facts like menstruation in females, caffeine, alcohol, aged cheese, cured meat, stress, change in sleeping pattern, strenuous exercise trigger migraine headache.
Sinus Headaches
A sinus headache surfaces when fluids in the nose are not able to drain well and pressure builds up in sinuses. A cold, dust allergies, dirty or polluted water air travel may cause this type of headache.Sinus headache causes pain in forehead, cheek bones, nose and stuffy nose. The headache increases when face is bent or touched. The symptoms are worse in the morning.
Although headaches are very common, It is recommended to consult a doctor about your headache.
Go to an emergency department if any of the following symptoms occur:
- Pain that develops very rapidly
- A change in concentration or ability to think
- A change in level of alertness
- Altered speech
- Weakness, numbness, or difficulty in walking
- Changes in vision
- Headache with a stiff neck or neck pain, or if light hurts your eyes
- If you feel that this the worst headache of your life
- Headache with dizziness, or a feeling that you are falling to one side
- Headache from an injury or blow to the head
- Headache with fever.
Home remedies for tension headache.
For tension headaches massage few drops of peppermint oil or eucalyptus oil on temples.Massage the scalp with slightly warmed sesame oil. This relieves tension headache and induces sleep.
Regular exercise, yoga and meditation reduce the stress levels and keep the tension headache at bay.
Persons of vata type can use hot water bags on aching parts and a hot shower will be of good help.
Persons of pitta type can use cold or ice packs on aching parts and wrap a wet cold cloth around neck.
Home remedies for migraine headache.
Make a note of facts which trigger the headache and also the foods. Try to avoid these . Avoid spicy foods, coffee, tea, alcohol, onion and garlic. Avoid citrus fruits except lemon.Try muscle relaxation exercises.
Progressive muscle relaxation, meditation and yoga are definitely going to help. Relax at least for half an hour everyday by doing your favorite activities like listening to music, gardening, taking hot water bath etc.Stick to you a regular sleep pattern and get enough sleep but don't oversleep. Avoid sleeping during the afternoon.
Rest in a dark, quiet room when you feel a headache coming on. Place an ice pack wrapped in a cloth on the back of your neck and apply gentle pressure to painful areas on your scalp.
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